Upon admission, BP: 130/80 mmHg, HR: 62 beats per minute, RR: 18 breaths per minute, SatO 2: 98%, T: 37.3° C. When presented to the hospital, the score on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was 8 (scores range from 0 to 42, with higher numbers indicating greater severity of stroke). She denies fever, anosmia, ageusia, seizures, cough, chest or abdominal pain. She presented to the hospital emergency center, reporting nasal congestion and sneezing of 5 days duration pulsatile headache in the left hemicranium 3 days prior to admission, with intensity 6/10 according to the visual analogue scale, accompanied by phosphenes, photophobia and diplopia with subsequent developing right hemiparesis over a 26-hour period who delayed seeking emergency care for fear of COVID-19. This case report follows the CARE Guidelinesģ7-year-old woman, environmental health technician with a history of rheumatic fever during childhood, hypertension and smoking for 2 years denies traumatic events and use of oral contraceptives. We report a case of a 37-year-old female patient with a positive PCR-RT swab for COVID-19, with a neurological manifestation as a result of internal carotid artery occlusion. With inflammation, prothrombotic coagulopathy and endothelial injury as mechanisms involvedĪcute viral infections, oxidative stress, hypoxia, and turbulent blood flow have been established to act as triggers that increase the short-term risk of ischemic stroke and other arterial thrombotic events, such as myocardial infarction They are particularly prone to expel their contents, with antimicrobial agents stored in their granules, a process known as neutrophil extracellular trap formation (NET)Įxcessive NET formation leads to the formation of aggregates These cells are also found in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases Which, due to their low floating densities, are known as low-density granulocytes. Activated neutrophils that fail to extravasculate are partially degranulated in the circulation Neutrophil activation is an important clinical feature in COVID-19 being the first to respond to the invasion of pathogens and tissue damage that mediate the death of pathogens by oxidative explosion and phagocytosis
Recent publications from China, France and New York raise the possibility that COVID-19 may increase the risk of ischemic stroke COVID-19 has affected more than 39.2 million people and caused more than 1,100,000 deaths worldwideĪnd although it is primarily a respiratory disease, scientific studies suggest that it can lead to a hypercoagulable state and thrombotic complications All rights reserved.COVID-19 is a new disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) that is spreading rapidly around the world Anatomical knowledge of the CST is paramount to clinical diagnosis and treatment of a heterogeneity of neurodegenerative, neuroinflammatory, cerebrovascular and skull base tumors. The non-anastomotic nature of the vessel systems of the CST highlight the importance of their preservation during neurosurgical procedures. The caudal portions of the CST in the medulla are supplied by the anterior spinal artery which branches from the vertebral arteries. In the brainstem, the CST is supplied by anterior perforating branches from the basilar and vertebral arteries. The white matter tracts of the corona radiata and internal capsule are supplied by small perforators including the lenticulostriate arteries and branches of the anterior choroidal artery. At the level of the motor cortex, the CST is supplied by terminal branches of the anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery. The aim of this article is to identify and describe the vasculature associated with the CST from the cortex to the medulla.ĭissection of cadaveric specimens was carried out in a manner which exposed and preserved the fiber tracts of the CST, as well as the arterial systems that supply them. The CST is at risk of injury from vascular insult from strokes and during neurosurgical procedures. The CST condenses into fiber bundles as it descends from the frontoparietal cortex, traveling down to terminate at the anterior horn of the spinal cord.
The corticospinal tract (CST) is the main neural pathway responsible for conducting voluntary motor function in the central nervous system.